Saturday, 4 January 2020

linear algebra - Characteristic polynomial of a unitary matrix.

Given a matrix a unitary A Mn×n(R), how does one show that its characteristic polynomial A(t) satisfies the following:



tnA(1/t)=±A(t).



I see that the characteristic polynomial is essentially symmetric (or anti-symmetric). I have shown that the determinant of a unitary matrix are ±1 and that its eigenvalues all have modulus 1. I feel that there is a connection between these properties and the structure of its characteristic polynomial.



If we are dealing with real numbers, it could happen that all of the eigenvalues are either 1 or -1. Then, using the binomial theorem, we would have A(t)=(t±1)n, and we would obtain a symmetric or anti-symmetric polynomial.




However, I am stuck here.

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