Thursday, 20 June 2019

calculus - How to show that sqrtx grows faster than lnx.




So I have the limit limx(123lnxx)=12, I now want to motivate why (3\ln{x}/\sqrt{x})\rightarrow0 as x\rightarrow\infty. I cam up with two possibilites:




  1. Algebraically it follows that \frac{3\ln{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{3\ln{x}}{\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}}}=\frac{3\sqrt{x}\ln{x}}{x}=3\sqrt{x}\cdot\frac{\ln{x}}{x},
    Now since the last factor is a standard limit equal to zero as x approaches infinity, the limit of the entire thing should be 0. However, isn't it a problem because \sqrt{x}\rightarrow\infty as x\rightarrow \infty gives us the indeterminate value \infty\cdot 0?


  2. One can, without having to do the arithmeticabove, directly motivate that the function f_1:x\rightarrow \sqrt{x} increases faster than the function f_2:x\rightarrow\ln{x}. Is this motivation sufficient? And, is the proof below correct?




We have that D(f_1)=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}} and D(f_2)=\frac{1}{x}. In order to compare these two derivateives, we have to look at the interval (0,\infty). Since D(f_1)\geq D(f_2) for x\geq4, it follows that f_1>f_2, \ x>4.



Answer




  1. This is a standard result from high school

  2. If you nevertheless want to deduce it from the limit of \dfrac{\ln x}x, use the properties of logarithm:
    \frac{\ln x}{\sqrt x}=\frac{2\ln(\sqrt x)}{\sqrt x}\xrightarrow[\sqrt x\to\infty]{}2\cdot 0=0


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