I'm trying to prove the identity 12+n∑k=1cos(kφ)=sin(n+12φ)2sinφ2
What I've done so far:
From geometric series ∑n−1k=0q=1−qn1−q for q=eiφ and taking the real part on both sides I got
n−1∑k=0cos(kφ)=sinφ2−cos(nφ)+cos(n−1)φ2sinφ2
I checked all my calculations twice and found no mistake. Then I used trigonometric identities to get
12+n−1∑k=1cos(kφ)+cosnφ2=sinφsin(nφ)2sinφ2
How to finish this proof? Is there a way to rewrite
sinφsin(nφ) as
sin(n+12φ)−sinφ2cos(nφ)?
Answer
There is a mistake in the real part.
qn−1q−1=einϕ−1eiϕ−1=ei(n−1/2)ϕ−e−iϕ/2eiϕ/2−e−iϕ/2=−iei(n−1/2)ϕ+ie−iϕ/22sinϕ/2
the real part is
sin((n−1/2)ϕ)+sin(ϕ/2)2sinϕ/2
yielding the right result.
However, there is a simpler solution:
1+2n∑k=1coskϕ=1+n∑k=1(eikϕ+e−ikϕ)=n∑k=−neikϕ
which simplifies to
e−inϕ1−ei(2n+1)ϕ1−eiϕ=e−i(n+1/2)ϕ−ei(n+1/2)ϕe−iϕ/2−eiϕ/2=sin((n+1/2)ϕ)sin(ϕ/2)
No comments:
Post a Comment