Friday, 13 September 2019

calculus - Value of int0inftyfracmathrmdx(49+x)sqrtx?



I've been trying to find this integral:0dx(49+x)x



I used a trigonometric substitution, and after some work arrived at this:



arctan(x7)




So if written properly, it would look like:



limkarctan(x7)|0k



Evaluating zero wasn't an issue, however taking the limit was. How can k approach negative infinity if it'll appear in a square root?



Wolfram Alpha told me this integral did not converge.
Another online calculator told me it was zero.
The person who gave this problem said it converged.




Any ideas? Thank you for your input!


Answer



This integral does not converge as either a Riemann or Lebesgue integral.



However, the integral does exist in the Cauchy Principal Value sense:
PV0dx(49+x)x=2iPV0dx49x2=i7PV0(1x71x+7)dx=limLi7PVL0(1x71x+7)dx=limL(i7PVL771xdx)limL(i7L+771xdx)=limL(i7PV771xdx)limL(i7L+7L71xdx)=0


Explanation:
(1): substitute xx2
(2): partial fractions
(3): write improper integral as a limit
(4): substitute xx+7 on the left and xx7 on the right
(5): subtract the integral on [7,L7] from both limits
(6): evaluate integrals


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