Wednesday, 22 August 2018

abstract algebra - Existence of solution for the diophantine equation $100x - 23y = -19$



In order to solve the diophantine equation:



$$100x + (-23)y = -19$$



(from here)



we could use the theorem that :





The diophantine equation $ax+by=c$ has solutions if and only if
$gcd(a,b)|c$. If so, it has infinitely many solutions, and any one
solution can be used to generate all the other ones.




Well, $gcd(100,-23)=1$, therefore this equation couldn't have integer solutions. However, I used the euclidean algorithm and arrived at:



$$100 = 23*4 + 8 \\
23 = 8*2 + 7\\

8 = 7*1 + 1\\
7 = 7*1 + 0$$
From this, we have that:



$$1 = 8 - 7\\
7 = 23 - 8*2\\
8 = 100 - 23*4$$



Therefore, substituting back in the GCD process we get:




$$1 = 8 - (23 - 8*2)\\
1 = 100 - 23*4 - (23 - (100 - 23*4)*2)\\
1 = 100 - 23*4 - 23 + 2*(100 - 23*4)\\
1 = 100 - 23*4 - 23 + 2*100 - 2*23*4\\
1 = 100*(1 + 2) + 23*(-4 - 1 - 8)\\
1 = 100*3 + 23 (-13)\\
1 = 100*3 - 23*13$$



Multiplying both sides by $-19$ get us to:




$$-19 = 100*(-3*19) - 23 (-13*19)\\
-19 = 100*(-57) - 23*(-247)$$



So (-57,-247) are a solution to the equation. However, $gcd(100,-23)$ does not divide $19$. Also, this made me think that in general:



if $gcd(a,b)=1$, then there exists integers $m,n$ such that:



$$am+bn=1\implies a(cm)+b(cn)=c$$



So, always in the equation:




$ax+by=c$



when $gcd(a,b)=1$ I can get the form:



$ax+by=1$



and then multiply by $c$ to find the integer solutions.



I think i'm doing something terribly wrong.




OH NO, WAIT! $GCD(100,-23)$ DIVIDES $19$, RIGHT??? :O



(i'm gonna leave this here to help someone since I typed all this)


Answer



As you seem to have noticed, $1$ does divide $-19$.


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