Wednesday, 8 October 2014

combinatorics - Show summk=0binomnkmk=binomn+1m




My question is:




show mk=0(nkmk)=(n+1m)
nm1
I tried to do this via induction and failed. there has to be another way of doing this.



We could either explain combinatorically that we are counting the same thing in 2 different ways, in this sense, we are counting the number of ways to choose m elements from a set with n+1 elements.



Or we could try like me to prove it algebraically, both ways are valid...I'd like some help, or a push in the right direction.


Answer



Hint: The right side counts the number of ways to pick m elements out of n+1.




For the left: partition the m-element subsets of n+1 based on the highest element that is NOT included in the subset.


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