I can't prove that for α>0, Iα=∫+∞0t−sinttαdt converges iff α∈(2,4). Here's my attempt:
1) An easy remark but important: as sint≤t, we're dealing with a positive function.
2) I splited the integral to ∫10t−sinttαdt and ∫+∞1t−sinttαdt and use the inequality t33!−t55!≤t−sint≤t33! but it didn't work.
3) This is the only thing that lead me to a part of the answer: I noticed that ∫+∞0dttα−1 is always divergent. Thus, if Iα converges, ∫∞0sinttαdt diverges. But we know that ∫∞1sinttαdt converges for any α>0. Thus ∫∞0sinttαdt diverges iff ∫10sinttαdt diverges. Since sint∼t near 0+, both positive, ∫10sinttαdt diverges iff α>2. Hence we showed that (Iαconverges)⇒α>2
Could you please help me? Thank you in advance!
Answer
The idea to split the integral is fine.
First, note that the integral I1 as given by
I1=∫10t−sin(t)tαdt
converges for α<4 (and diverges for α≥4) since the integrand is O(t3−α) as t→0.
Next, note that the integral I2 as given by
∫∞1t−sin(t)tαdt
converges for α>2 (and diverges for α≤2) since the integrand is O(t1−α) as t→∞.
Putting it together, we have that the integral of interest I=I1+I2 converges for all α∈(2,4) and diverges elsewhere.
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