Wednesday, 24 October 2018

calculus - Ways to differentiate (x)(x+y)



I checked the differentiation of (x)(x+y) using an online derivative tool which gives the result:




ddx((x)(x+y))=x+y+x(ddx(y)+1)



But using a different tool I found that derivate is:



ddx((x)(x+y))=2x+y



If there's no partial differentiation involved then does it mean there are different ways to interpret the given problem? i.e.



In first case, it is interpreted as f(g(x),h(x,y))=(x)(x+y) ?
and in second case it is f(g(x),h(x))=(x)(x+y) ?




I don't understand how the product rule is getting applied here and why y is constant in second case?


Answer



In the first case, the online solver "thinks" y is a function of x and therefore only indicates the derivative, while in the second case the program treats y as an independent variable. In both cases the product rule is being applied.



To be more explicit:



Let f(x)=x and g(x)=x+y. Then x(x+y)=f(x)g(x). Then the product rule says that



(f(x)(g(x))=f(x)g(x)+f(x)g(x).




Note that f(x)=1 and that if y is and independent variable from x then g(x)=1+0=1. Substituting in the product rule we obtain



(f(x)(g(x))=1(x+y)+x(1)=x+x+y=2x+y.



However if y depends of x, g(x)=1+d/dx(y). When substituting again on the product rule, you obtain the other result.


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