Thursday 20 December 2018

elementary set theory - Are the following sets isomorphic or have the same order type?





Are the following sets isomorphic or have the same order type ?




  1. $(\mathbb R, \le) ,\ (\mathbb R,\ge)$

  2. $(\mathbb Q, \le), \ (\mathbb R, \le) $

  3. $(\mathbb N,\ge ), \ (\mathbb N,\le)$

  4. $\omega+\omega, \ \omega\cdot\omega$





So in order to show they're isomorphic I need to find an injective function.




  1. They are, there is no maximal/minimal element, both have the same cardinality. the function is $f(x)=x $.


  2. No, they have different cardinality (is that enough?).


  3. I think they aren't since one have a minimal element while the other does not.


  4. Both have the same cardinality but the elements are different: one is {1,2,3...1',2'...} the other is {(0,1),(0,2)...} but I think there could be an injection.



Answer





  1. You need $f(x)=-x$ instead.


  2. Yes. So there cannot be any bijection, much less isomorphism.


  3. You're correct.


  4. Simpler argument appear to be $\omega+\omega=\omega\cdot2<\omega\cdot\omega$



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