Let $A \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ be a symmetric matrix whose rows and columns sum to one. $A$ is not necessarily a doubly stochastic matrix, because negative entries are possible.
What can be said about the largest eigenvalue $\lambda$ of $A$? Is there a "good" upper bound for $\lambda$?
Additional constraint: Suppose that $|a_{ij}| \leq 1$. Does $\lambda \leq 1$ hold?
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