Tuesday 26 February 2013

combinatorics - Prove by a combinatorial argument that $(n-r){n choose r}=n{n-1 choose r}$




Prove by a combinatorial argument $$(n-r){n \choose r}=n{n-1 \choose r}$$




My attempt:



We have two ways of count the number of persons forms a committee of a group $n$ of people.




Here I'm a little confused, because I don't know how interpret the multiplication by $(n-r)$ here. Can someone help me?


Answer



On the RHS




  • we choose one president ($n$ choiches) and then form a committee of $r$ out of n-1



On the LHS





  • we form a committee of $r$ out of $n$ and then choose a president from the others $n-r$


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