I'm trying find where the common proof by contradiction that √2 is irrational breaks down when trying to prove √4 is irrational.
Assume (pq)2=4 and gcd(p,q)=1. I guess I could just let p=2,q=1 and be done, but why is that an adequate failure of the proof? If it's not, then where else does the proof break down?
Continuing the "proof": Then p2=4q2, so p is even, that is, p=2r. That implies that 4r2=4q2, or that q=r.
If p=2r and q=r then gcd(p,q)=r which contradicts gcd(p,q)=1, leaving us with the untenable conclusion that √4 is irrational.
Answer
It does not contradict the relatively prime assumption because we can take r=1.
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