Thursday, 7 February 2013

Where does the proof of sqrt2 is irrational break down when trying to prove the same for sqrt4?



I'm trying find where the common proof by contradiction that 2 is irrational breaks down when trying to prove 4 is irrational.




Assume (pq)2=4 and gcd(p,q)=1. I guess I could just let p=2,q=1 and be done, but why is that an adequate failure of the proof? If it's not, then where else does the proof break down?



Continuing the "proof": Then p2=4q2, so p is even, that is, p=2r. That implies that 4r2=4q2, or that q=r.



If p=2r and q=r then gcd(p,q)=r which contradicts gcd(p,q)=1, leaving us with the untenable conclusion that 4 is irrational.


Answer



It does not contradict the relatively prime assumption because we can take r=1.


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