Thursday, 30 May 2013

calculus - How to show int10left(frac1ln(1+x)frac1xright),dx converges?



I need to show that 10(1ln(1+x)1x)dx converges, given that lim



I'm not sure how to do this because my text gave a very brief treatment on applying the limit comparison test for the improper integral of the second kind. Here is what I've tried:




I define the test function to be g(t)=1. Therefore,



\frac{\left( \frac{1}{\ln(1+x)} - \frac{1}{x} \right)}{g(t)} = \left( \frac{1}{\ln(1+x)} - \frac{1}{x} \right) \tag{1}



So, (1) tends to \frac{1}{2} as t tends to 0^+ and \int_0^1 g(t) \,dt is convergent. Therefore, by the limit comparison test, the given integral is convergent.



Did I do the test correctly?



EDIT




My text's solution (which I find to be vague) is:



enter image description here



What does 'repair' the integrand mean?


Answer



I'll give a more general answer, which should explain what “repairing the function” means.



Suppose f is a continuous function defined on the interval (a,b] (where $a \lim_{x\to a^+}f(x)=r
is finite.



Define g(x)=f(x) for $a\begin{align} F(x)&=\int_{x}^b f(t)\,dt &&\text{for $x\in(a,b]$}\\ G(x)&=\int_{x}^b g(t)\,dt &&\text{for $x\in[a,b]$} \end{align}
The two functions F and G are continuous (even differentiable, by the fundamental theorem of calculus) and coincide on (a,b], so

\lim_{x\to a^+}F(x)=\lim_{x\to a^+}G(x)=G(a)


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