Friday, 17 May 2013

real analysis - Finding a convex function dominated (point wise) by a given positive function on (0,1)




This problem is actually the Exercise 8 in Chapter 3 of Rudin's Real and Complex analysis book. The problem is as follows:



If g is a positive function on (0,1) such that g(x) as x0. Does there exist a convex function h on ((0,1) such that h(x)g(x) for all x(0,1) and h(x) as x0?



My guess is 'Yes', there does exist such a function but can not prove it. Any help will be appreciated. Thanks in advance!


Answer



The supremum of a family of convex functions is again convex. So let



h(x)=sup{φ(x):φ is convex and φ(t)g(t) for all t(0,1)}.




Then h is a convex function, and h(x)g(x) for all x(0,1). Now it remains to see that limx0h(x)=+.



Let M>0. Since limx0g(x)=+, there is an ε>0 such that xεg(x)>2M. Then



ψ(x)={2M(1xε),0<x<ε0,εx<1



is a convex function on (0,1) with ψ(x)<g(x) for all x(0,1) and ψ(x)>M for x<ε2, hence we have h(x)>M for x<ε2. Since M was arbitrary, this shows limx0h(x)=+.


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