Tuesday, 18 November 2014

integration - Showing that a line integral along a given curve is in independent of one the curve components





Let γ(t)=(γ1(t),γ2(t),γ3(t)), t[0,2π], be a smooth curve in R3 where
γ1(t)=cos(t),γ2(t)=sin(t),γ3(t)>0


Let F be the vector field F(x,y,z)=(2y2,x2,3z2).
Prove that the line integral γFdl is independent of γ3(t).




Let me emphasize that according to this problem, γ3(t) is not necessarily a closed curve.



I've tried to go be the definition of γFdl and got:




γFdl=2π0(2cos2(t),sin2(t),3γ23(t))(sin(t),cos(t),γ3(t))dt=2π0(2cos2(t)sin(t)+cos(t)sin2(t)+3γ23(t)γ3(t))dt=2π03γ23(t)γ3(t)dt=γ33(t)|2π0



I don't know if the author of this problem forgot to mention that γ3(t) is a closed curve or not, because if γ3(t) is indeed closed the argument above solves the problem.



Do you have an idea of how to solve this problem without this information?



Answer



I think that the fact that the integral is independent on γ3 means, that if we have another curve through the same end points, i.e. if we have ¯γ3 such that γ3(0)=¯γ3(0) and γ3(2π)=¯γ3(2π), then the integrals are equal if ¯γ3 replaces γ3. And your computation reveals that this is the case for your integral, since γFdl=γ33(2π)γ33(0)=¯γ33(2π)¯γ33(0)=¯γFdl


where ¯γ=(γ1,γ2,¯γ3).


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