I want to prove that $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt p_{1}+\sqrt p_{2})=\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt p_{1},\sqrt p_{2})$ for $p_{1},p_{2}$ primes. I know this was proved before for the generalized case of $p_{1},....,p_{n}$ primes here:
And every proof of this kind of equality involves Galois theory but I still don't know Galois theory and I'm supposed to prove this with only basic Field theory(field extensions, irreducible polynomials, algebraic extensions, etc).
By definition $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt p_{1}+\sqrt p_{2})$ is the smallest field containing $\mathbb{Q}$ and $\sqrt p_{1}+\sqrt p_{2}$, also $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt p_{1},\sqrt p_{2})$ is the smallest field containing $\sqrt p_{1}$ and $\sqrt p_{2}$. Or
$$\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{p_{1}},\sqrt{p_{2}})=\{a+b\sqrt{p_{1}}+c\sqrt{p_{2}}+d\sqrt{p_{1}p_{2}} \mid a,b,c,d\in\mathbb{Q}\}$$
$$\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{p_{1}}+\sqrt{p_{2}}) = \lbrace a+b(\sqrt{p_{1}}+\sqrt{p_{2}}) \mid a,b \in \mathbb{Q} \rbrace $$
Also I know that $[\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt p_{1},\sqrt p_{2}):\mathbb{Q}]=4$ from this:
Still don't know how to proceed proving this two extensions are the same.
Answer
Hint
Step 1 :
$$\sqrt{p_1}-\sqrt{p_2}=\frac{p_1-p_2}{\sqrt{p_1}+\sqrt p_2}\in \mathbb Q(\sqrt{p_1}+\sqrt{p_2})$$
Step 2 :
$$\sqrt{p_1}=\frac{(\sqrt{p_1}+\sqrt p_2)+(\sqrt{p_1}-\sqrt{p_2})}{2}\in \mathbb Q(\sqrt{p_1}+\sqrt{p_2}).$$
I let you manage to show that $\sqrt{p_2}\in \mathbb Q(\sqrt{p_1}+\sqrt{p_2})$ as well and conclude the equality.
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