Saturday, 21 July 2018

functions - Is this a correct bijection between (0,1] and [0,1]?



I need to give an explicit bijection between (0,1] and [0,1] and I'm wondering if my bijection/proof is correct. Using the hint that was given, I constructed the following function f:(0,1][0,1]:
x{22i2i1xif x(12i,12i1] for an iN01if x=1



It's easy to see that for every x(0,1), there exists such an i.




Now define ˜f:[0,1](0,1] with
x{22i2i1xif x[12i,12i1) for an iN01if x=1



I want to prove that ˜f(f(x))=f(˜f(x))=x, so it has an inverse and therefore is a bijection. The case x=1 is trivial, so assume that x(0,1) with x(12i,12i1] for some iN0. This interval has length 12i1(12i)=2i1, so we can write x=12i+ϵ2i1 for some ϵ(0,1]. We now calculate f(x):
f(x)=22i2i1x=22i2i1(12i+ϵ2i1)=12i1(1+ϵ).
We conclude that f(x)[12i,12i1). We now use the definition of ˜f, so if we calculate ˜f(f(x)), we get
˜f(f(x))=22i2i1f(x)=22i2i1(22i2i1x)=x.



We conclude that f has an inverse. Using exactly the same reasoning, we get that f(˜f(x))=x for all x[0,1]. Therefore it's inverse exists and it has to be a bijection.



I know there are less cumbersome methods of proving this fact, but as of now this is the only thing I can come up with.


Answer



It seems fine to me, I think, although it's a complicated enough construction that I'm not totally convinced of my surety.



If you want an easier method, by the way: let f:(0,1][0,1] by the following construction. Order the rationals in (0,1] as q1,q2,. Then define f(x) by "if x is irrational, let f(x)=x; otherwise, let f(qi)=qi1, and let f(q1)=0". We basically select some countable subset, and prepend 0 to it. You can do this with any countable subset: it doesn't have to be, or be a subset of, Q(0,1]. If you prefer, for instance, you could take 1n as the qn.


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