Monday, 30 July 2018

real analysis - Prove: if limlimitsxrightarrowx0f(x)=L>0, then limlimitsxrightarrowx0sqrtf(x)=sqrtL




Prove: if lim, then \lim\limits_{x \rightarrow x_0} \sqrt{f(x)}= \sqrt{L} (using the original definition of limit)





We assume that f is defined in some deleted neighborhood of x_0, for every \epsilon>0 , there is a \delta>0 such that:



|f(x)-L|<\epsilon
and
0<|x-x_0|<\delta



As L>0,



|f(x)-L| =| \sqrt{f} \sqrt{f} - \sqrt{L} \sqrt{L}| = |\sqrt{f} - \sqrt{L}| \cdot |\sqrt{f} + \sqrt{L}| <\epsilon



It follows that for the same \delta>0, the following statement is true:
|f(x)-L|<|\sqrt{f} - \sqrt{L}|< \frac{\epsilon}{ |\sqrt{f} + \sqrt{L}|} < \epsilon



>



It shows that if \sqrt{f} is defined on some deleted neighborhood of x_0,there is a




\epsilon>0 , there is a \delta>0 such that:



|\sqrt{f}-\sqrt{L}|<\epsilon
and
0<|x-x_0|<\delta



Am I having the right reasoning? Can it be improved?



Any input is much appreciated.


Answer




{\epsilon}/{|\sqrt{f}+\sqrt{L}|} does not necessarily have to be smaller than \epsilon because |\sqrt{f}+\sqrt{L}| could be lesser than 1. Instead, look for a bound for 1/{|\sqrt{f}+\sqrt{L}|} :



Since L>0, so L/2>0, and there would be (by definition of the limit of f at x_0) some \delta_1>0 such that if 0<|x-x_0|<\delta_1, we must have $$|f(x)-L|$$\Rightarrow -L/2So we have f(x)>L/2>0 for all x satisfying 0<|x-x_0|<\delta_1. Then
|\sqrt{f}+\sqrt{L}|>\sqrt{L/2}+\sqrt{L}. Denote \sqrt{L/2}+\sqrt{L} by M. Hence 1/{|\sqrt{f}+\sqrt{L}|}<1/M for all 0<|x-x_0|<\delta_1.



Now we can show that desired limit:



Let \epsilon>0, then there would be some \delta_2>0 such that if 0<|x-x_0|<\delta_2, we must have|f(x)-L|<\epsilon

Take \delta=\min(\delta_1,\delta_2), then if x is any number satisfying 0<|x-x_0|<\delta, we must have|\sqrt{f}-\sqrt{L}|<\epsilon/|\sqrt{f}+\sqrt{L}|<\epsilon/M
Since M is fixed and \epsilon is arbitrary, so \lim_{x\to x_0}\sqrt{f}=\sqrt{L}.


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