Sunday, 21 September 2014

general topology - complement of zero set of holomorphic function is connected



I'm stuck with the following part of exercise 1.1.8 in Hubrechts book Complex geometry:



Prove that, if UCn is open connected, then UZ(f), the complement of zero set of a non trivial holomorphic function f:UC, is connected.




I know I could use Riemann extension theorem, but I'm messing things with this point: suppose UZ=AB with A and B open non-empty disjoint; how do I see that there's point x¯A¯BZ?


Answer



Suppose ¯A¯BZ=. Since A and B are open (in U, or equivalently in Cn), we have



¯AB==A¯B,



and thus ¯A¯BZ. The supposition thus implies that ¯A and ¯B are disjoint, and thus



=Z=U¯UZ=U¯AB=U(¯A¯B),




which means that U is the disjoint union of the nonempty closed sets ¯A and ¯B, and therefore U is not connected. This contradicts the premise that U is connected, hence the supposition ¯A¯BZ= must have been wrong.



So the conclusion that ¯A¯BZ follows if Z is any nowhere dense closed subset of U. Since there are nowhere dense closed sets FU such that UF is not connected, you need special properties of the zero sets of holomorphic functions to conclude that UZ must be connected. Off the top of my head, I can't think of another way than the Riemann extension theorem.


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