I am trying to solve a question from my complex analysis test that
I didn't manage to do during the test in order to practice for the
next exam.
The problem is as follows:
Calculate ∫π0eacos(θ)cos(asin(θ))dθ
Where the method used should be using complex analysis.
What I tried:
I have noticed eacos(θ)cos(asin(θ))=Re(eacis(θ))
where cis(θ):=cos(θ)+isin(θ)
Hence the integral is ∫π0Re(ea(cos(θ)+isin(θ))dθ
I did the change of variables: z=aeiθ, dz=iaeiθdθ⟹dθ=dziz.
When θ=0 we have that z=a and when θ=π we get
z=−ia
and so I wrote that the integral is
∫−iaaRe(ez)dziz
Now I don't understand how I got ez, which seems wrong to me,
but what the checker actually marked in red and wrote a question mark
by were the integration limits: a,−ia .
Can someone please help me understand what was wrong with what the
integration limits, and how to actually solve this integral ?
Any help is greatly appreciated!
Answer
As noted in Emmet´s comment, there is an error in your computation: when θ=π z=−a, not −ia (eπi=−1).
The computation becomes easier by noting that the integrand is even, so that it is one half of the integral between 0 and 2π. After the change of variables the integral becomes a line integral along the unit circle, and you can apply Cauchy's theorem or the calculus of residues.
I will work backwards. Consider the integral
∫|z|=1eazizdz.
By Cauchy's theorem its value is 2π. Now let z=eit. Then
∫|z|=1eazizdz=∫2π0eaeitieitdtieit=∫2π0ea(cost+isint)dt=∫2π0eacostcos(asint)dt+i∫2π0eacostsin(asint)dt.
Finally, we get
∫π0eacostcos(asint)dt=π.
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