Thursday, 14 November 2013

integration - Calculating the following integral using complex analysis: intpi0eacos(theta)cos(asin(theta)),dtheta



I am trying to solve a question from my complex analysis test that
I didn't manage to do during the test in order to practice for the
next exam.



The problem is as follows:





Calculate π0eacos(θ)cos(asin(θ))dθ




Where the method used should be using complex analysis.



What I tried:




I have noticed eacos(θ)cos(asin(θ))=Re(eacis(θ))
where cis(θ):=cos(θ)+isin(θ)



Hence the integral is π0Re(ea(cos(θ)+isin(θ))dθ



I did the change of variables: z=aeiθ, dz=iaeiθdθdθ=dziz.



When θ=0 we have that z=a and when θ=π we get
z=ia




and so I wrote that the integral is



iaaRe(ez)dziz



Now I don't understand how I got ez, which seems wrong to me,
but what the checker actually marked in red and wrote a question mark
by were the integration limits: a,ia .



Can someone please help me understand what was wrong with what the
integration limits, and how to actually solve this integral ?




Any help is greatly appreciated!


Answer



As noted in Emmet´s comment, there is an error in your computation: when θ=π z=a, not ia (eπi=1).



The computation becomes easier by noting that the integrand is even, so that it is one half of the integral between 0 and 2π. After the change of variables the integral becomes a line integral along the unit circle, and you can apply Cauchy's theorem or the calculus of residues.



I will work backwards. Consider the integral
|z|=1eazizdz.
By Cauchy's theorem its value is 2π. Now let z=eit. Then
|z|=1eazizdz=2π0eaeitieitdtieit=2π0ea(cost+isint)dt=2π0eacostcos(asint)dt+i2π0eacostsin(asint)dt.
Finally, we get
π0eacostcos(asint)dt=π.


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