Monday, 18 November 2013

Proof by Induction of an inequality with a sum



Prove using induction on k that for any natural number 'n'
ni=1iknk(n+1)2
I know I first need to start off with a base case, which I think will be k=0
ni=1i0n0(n+1)2
But I'm not quite sure how to prove this base case, honestly. And beyond that, I know I need an induction hypothesis and induction step where I increase k by 1. I'm a bit lost on how to solve this problem. If anyone could point me in the right direction, I'd be grateful.


Answer



Hint (without induction): for k=1 the equality holds:




ni=1i=n(n+1)2ni=1in=n+12



Note that in1 for 1in, which implies (in)kin for all k1. Then:



1nkni=1ik=ni=1(in)kni=1in=n+12


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