Prove using induction on k that for any natural number 'n'
n∑i=1ik≤nk(n+1)2
I know I first need to start off with a base case, which I think will be k=0
n∑i=1i0≤n0(n+1)2
But I'm not quite sure how to prove this base case, honestly. And beyond that, I know I need an induction hypothesis and induction step where I increase k by 1. I'm a bit lost on how to solve this problem. If anyone could point me in the right direction, I'd be grateful.
Answer
Hint (without induction): for k=1 the equality holds:
n∑i=1i=n(n+1)2⟺n∑i=1in=n+12
Note that in≤1 for 1≤i≤n, which implies (in)k≤in for all k≥1. Then:
1nkn∑i=1ik=n∑i=1(in)k≤n∑i=1in=n+12
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