Saturday, 19 July 2014

modular arithmetic - Fore some co-prime's m, n and some integer a given gcd(a, mn) = 1, prove the following...



I'm having some trouble with the following question from my homework. I searched all over the exchange to find some common question but to my dismay I couldn't find anything. I apologise if this question has already been asked.







Let m and n be two co-prime positive integer numbers.



Let a be an integer such that gcd.



First Show that:



a^{\text{lcm}(\phi(m), \phi(n))} \equiv 1\bmod(mn) ,




where \text{lcm}(\phi(m), \phi(n)) is the least common multiple of \phi(m) and \phi(n).



Then Deduce that for any a which is co-prime with 10



a^{20} \equiv 1 \bmod 100.


Answer



Indeed, one does use Euler's theorem.



Since a is co-prime to m, we have a^{\phi(m)} \equiv 1 \mod m. Now, \operatorname{lcm}(\phi(m),\phi(n)) is a multiple of \phi(m), hence it follows that by raising both sides of the previous equation to the power \frac{\operatorname{lcm}(\phi(m),\phi(n))}{\phi(m)}, we get that a^{\operatorname{lcm}(\phi(m),\phi(n))} \equiv 1 \mod m.




Use the same argument as above to show that a^{\operatorname{lcm}(\phi(m),\phi(n))} \equiv 1 \mod n. Then m and n are co-prime, they both divide something, so their product must divide that... should give you the answer.



EDIT: For the second part, we have to use the previous part, so all you need is m and n. I claim m=4,n=25 will do the job. Note that any number which is coprime to m and n is coprime to 10 and hence to 100. Also, \phi(25) = 20 and \phi(4)=2. Now just apply the lemma.



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