Saturday, 6 September 2014

calculus - Exponential growth/decay formula: what happened to the other constant of integration?



The standard equation for exponential growth and decay starts and is derived like this:



$$ {dP\over dt}=kP$$




$$ {dP\over P}=kdt$$



$$ \int{dP\over P}=\int kdt$$



$$ \color{red}{\ln |P|}=kt+C$$



I don't understand the left hand side at this point, isn't $\int{1\over x}dx = \ln |x| +C$? Where did the constant of integration from the left integral go?


Answer



When you integrate both sides, each has a constant - you'd get, for constants $A,B$:




$$ \int{dP\over P}=\int kdt \implies \ln|P|+A = kt+B$$



Well, we can subtract $A$ from both sides and define a constant $C = B-A$; then



$$\ln|P|+A = kt+B \implies \ln|P|=kt+B-A=kt+C$$



This combination of constants is often implicit in solving differential equations - you'll integrate on two sides and then just combine the constants on whichever side of the equation is more convenient.


No comments:

Post a Comment

real analysis - How to find $lim_{hrightarrow 0}frac{sin(ha)}{h}$

How to find $\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(ha)}{h}$ without lhopital rule? I know when I use lhopital I easy get $$ \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}...