Thursday, 22 January 2015

combinatorics - How many pairs (m,n) exist?




For certain pairs (m,n) of positive integers with mn there are exactly 50 distinct positive integers k such that |logmlogk|<logn. Find the sum of all possible values of the product mn.




HINTS ONLY!



Obviously, converting it into a simpler form is good idea.




1n<mk<nk<mn<n2k.



Okay, so we already have a pretty simplified form, I broke it into two cases.



Case 1: m=n then saw:



k<n2<kn2, which is true for ALL k2 and any n.



So m=n is an impossible case.




The remaining case left is m>n.



This is actually getting quite difficult.



There must be exactly 50 values of k.



How should I go about this?



SMALL - HINTS ONLY! Please don't give it away!


Answer




HINT :



We have 1n<mk<nmn<k<mn



Setting mn=s gives
(1)s+1kmn1

with smn<s+1.



Hence, one has 50=(mn1)(s+1)+1.


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