Friday 16 January 2015

complex numbers - 1 = -1 Clearest way to explain why this proof is wrong.

Say you are a high school student or a young undergrad. You are being taught about complex numbers and you are told that $i = \sqrt{-1}$.




You go home and you write this:
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
1 & = 1 \\
1 & = \sqrt{1} \\
1 & = \sqrt{(-1)(-1)} \\
1 & = \sqrt{-1}\sqrt{-1} \\
1 & = i \times i \\
1 & = i^2 \\

1 & = -1
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}



You are dismayed. The infamous imaginary numbers are inconsistent after all!






The best answer would be the clearest explanation of why the "proof" is faulty, keeping in mind the level of the student. An explanation is extra clear if t presents insights to the student, as well as being correct and concise.

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