Thursday, 29 January 2015

elementary number theory - Prove that an integer of the form 8n+7 cannot be expressed as a sum of three integer squares




Consider an integer of the form 8n+7. Show that it cannot be expressed as a sum of three integer squares.




Hints are welcome. If you wish to post an answer, please post a hint as your answer, especially some fundamental concepts in elementary number theory / abstract algebra that might be relevant.




My work, so far:



As noted by carmichael561 (please see his hints below), the problem makes sense only for nN.



Suppose, for contradiction, that



8n+7=a2+b2+c2



for a,b,cZ.




We can rewrite the equation as 8n=a2+b2+c27



Now since 8 divides the LHS, it also divides the RHS. In particular,



the LHS is a number that is congruent to 0 mod(8) but the LHS is congruent to 7 mod(8), which is a contradiction.


Answer



Hint: what are the squares mod 8?


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