I'm trying to compute ∫∞−∞eax1+exdx, $(0Let f denote the integrand.
I'm using the rectangular contour given by the following curves:
c1:z(t)=R+it,t∈[0,2π]
c2:z(t)=−t+2πi,t∈[−R,R]
c3:z(t)=−R+i(2π−t),t∈[0,2π]
c4:z(t)=t,t∈[−R,R]
There is one singularity within the contour, at z=πi.
Expanding out the denominator as a power series shows that it's a simple pole, and allows us to evaluate the residue as
limz→πif(z)(z−πi)=−eaπi
This is computed by expanding 1+ez as a Taylor series around πi. The first coefficient will be 0, and the second will be −1. The rest will have orders of (z−πi) greater than 1, and will thus vanish when we take the limit.
So the integral over the entire contour is −2πieaπi
An easy enough estimate on the c1 shows that the integral vanishes as R→∞.
With a variable change, c_3 is the same as c_1 and also vanishes.
c4 becomes the integral we want when we take a limit.
c2 becomes c4 with a constant:
∫c2f(z)dz=∫R−Re−atea2πi1+e−te2πidt=ea2πi∫R−Re−at1+e−tdt=ea2πi∫−RR−eau1+eudu (u=−t,du=−dt)=ea2πi∫R−Reau1+eudu=ea2πiI(R)
Where I(R) is the line integral over c4.
Putting it all together and taking the limit gives us
limR→∞I(R)=−2πieaπi(1+ea2πi)
But this can't be the value of the integral, because it's a real-valued function integrated over R. I can't figure out where I'm going wrong. Note that I've avoided posting all the details of my solution since this is from a current problem set for a class on complex analysis.
Answer
I think you may just have a simple sign error. Using the same contour you describe, I get that
∫R−Rdxeax1+ex+i∫2π0dyea(R+iy)1+eR+iy−eia2π∫R−Rdxeax1+ex−i∫2π0dyea(−R+iy)1+e−R+iy=−i2πeiaπ
As R→∞, the second integral (because a<1) and the fourth integral (because a>0) vanish. Thus we have
∫∞−∞dxeax1+ex=−i2πeiaπ1−ei2aπ=πsinπa
No comments:
Post a Comment