I would like to evaluate limx→0esinx−sin2x−1x
using Taylor Series expansion in a completely rigorous way.
What would a rigorous version of the following argument look like?
From
esinx−1∼0ex−1∼0x and sin2x∼0x2
we can find the limit
limx→0esinx−sin2x−1x=limx→0x−x22x=1.
In particular I'm not exactly sure how to deal with Landau symbols o and O in nested functions.
Answer
sin(x)=x+o(x), then sin2(x)=x2+2xo(x)+(o(x))2=x2+o(x), since limx→02xo(x)+(o(x))2x=limx→0(2o(x)+(o(x)x)2x=0
esin(x)=1+sin(x)+o(sin(x))=1+x+o(x)+o(x+o(x))=1+x+o(x), since
limx→0o(x)+o(x+o(x))x=limx→0o(x)x+limx→0o(x+o(x))x+o(x)x+o(x)x=0
Thus esin(x)−sin2(x)−1=x−x2+o(x)
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