Problem statement:
Prove that 1∗3∗5∗...∗(2n−1)2∗4∗6∗...(2n)≤1√2n+1 and that there exists a limit when n→∞.
, n∈N
My progress
LHS is equivalent to (2n−1)!(2n)!=(2n−1)(2n−2)(2n−3)⋅....(2n)(2n−1)(2n−2)⋅....=12n So we can rewrite our inequality as:
12n≤1√2n+1 Let's use induction:
For n=1 it is obviously true. Assume n=k is correct and show that n=k+1 holds.
12k+2≤1√2k+3⇔2k+2≥√2k+3⇔4(k+34)2−54 after squaring and completing the square. And this does not hold for all n
About convergence: Is it not enough to check that limn→∞12n=∞ and conclude that it does not converge?
Answer
First, note that 2⋅4⋅6⋯(2n)=2n(n!). Next, note that if we multiplied 1⋅3⋅5⋯(2n−1) by 2⋅4⋅6⋯(2n), that would exactly fill the gaps and produce (2n)!. Hence, the denominator of the LHS is 2nn!, while the numerator of the LHS is (2n)!2nn! Combining, the LHS equals \frac{1}{2^{2n}}\frac{(2n)!}{n!n!}=2^{-2n}{2n\choose n}
This is a central binomial coefficient, which are well-studied. For example, one bound given is that {2n \choose n}\le \frac{4^n}{\sqrt{3n+1}}; applying it in this case gives LHS=4^{-n}{2n\choose n}\le \frac{1}{\sqrt{3n+1}}\le \frac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}
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