Thursday, 11 May 2017

number theory - Questions Regarding Convergence of Formulas for Riemann Zeta Function zeta(s)

I've been told assuming {x}=xx, the following integral (1) evaluates to ζ(s) in the interval (s)(0,1).



(1) ζ(s)=s0{x}xs1dx,0<(s)<1




Since xx=SawtoothWave(x) and SawtoothWave(x)=121πk=1sin(2πkx)k, this leads to the following.



(2) ζ(s)=s0(121πKk=1sin(2πkx)k)xs1dx,0<(s)<1 & K



I can't seem to get integral (2) above to converge when evaluating the integral along the critical line.



Including the saw-tooth wave offset of 12 is one problem. Integral (3) below doesn't converge, so I assume the offset is really not supposed to be included in the evaluation and am taking the approach of evaluating integral (4) below instead of integral (2) above.



(3) s0(12)xs1dx,0<(s)<1




(4) ζ(s)=s0(1πKk=1sin(2πkx)k)xs1dx,0<(s)<1 & K



Question 1: Is it correct to omit the saw-tooth wave and evaluate integral (4) instead of integral (2)?



I'm using formula (5) below to evaluate integral (4) above. Increasing the evaluation limit K leads to another problem. The more I increase the evaluation limit K, the more formula (5) seems to diverge.



(5) $\quad\zeta(s)=2^s\pi^{s-1}\,\Gamma(1-s)\sin\left(\frac{\pi\,s}{2}\right)\sum _{k=1}^K k^{s-1}\,,\quad 0

Formula (5) above is based on formula (6) below.




(6) s0(sin(2πkx)πk)xs1dx=2sπs1Γ(1s)sin(πs2)ks1,0<(s)<1



Also, note formula (5) above is consistent with the functional equation ζ(s)=2sπs1Γ(1s)sin(πs2)ζ(1s), where ζ(1s)=k=1ks1.



Question 2: Why does formula (5) seem to diverge as the evaluation limit K is increased?



I encounter the same problem when evaluating the following integral.



(7) $\quad\zeta(s)=\frac{\zeta(s)}{\zeta(1-s)}\sum_{k=1}^K k^{s-1}\,,\quad 0


Since ζ(1s)=k=1ks1, it seems to me formula (7) above should converge as the evaluation limit K is increased, but increasing the evaluation limit K seems to have the opposite effect.



Question 3: Why does formula (7) above seem to diverge as the evaluation limit K is increased?

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