Question: Find the sum of the series:
cos3α+cos33α+cos35α+....+cos3(2n−1)α
The book from which this question was taken says that the answer is 3sinnαcosnα4sinα+sin3nαcos3nα4sin3α.
My attempt to solve this question:
Let S be the trigonometric series,
cos3θ=4cos3θ−3cosθ⟹4cos3θ=cos3θ+3cosθ
Applying formula on cos3θ,..
4S=3cosα+cos3α+3cos3α+cos9α+...+3cos(2n−1)α+cos(6n−3)α
4S=3(cosα+cos3α+cos5α+...)+(cos3α+cos9α+..)
Applying the summation of cosine formula,
4S=3sinnαsinα⋅cos(α+(n−1)α)+?
So my problem is I don't know how to apply the formula for the second series (denoted by '?') for a fixed number of terms n or should I treat it as a general and separate series.
To clarify my doubt again, what I am asking is that would the (2n−1) affect the formula for the second series (denoted by '?').
My working here looks most probably correct but if there is any mistake please correct it.
Answer
If sin3α=0 it's smooth.
But for sin3α≠0 by the telescopic sum we obtain:
n∑k=1cos3(2k−1)α=14n∑k=1(cos3(2k−1)α+3cos(2k−1)α)=
=n∑k=12sin3αcos(6k−3)α8sin3α+3n∑k=12sinαcos(2k−1)α8sinα=
=n∑k=1(sin6kα−sin(6k−6)α)8sin3α+3n∑k=1(sin2kα−sin(2k−2)α)8sinα=
=sin6nα8sin3α+3sin2nα8sinα.
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