Friday, 19 June 2015

analysis - Does a real number with this decimal expansion for r and r2 exist?



Does there exist a real number 0<x<1, such that the decimal expansions of x and x2
are the same, starting from the
millionth term, and neither expansion has an infinite tail of zeroes?



I was thinking x=0.¯999, but does that work? Isn't that just equal to 1 which is not allowed.? If this works, how would I prove it?


Answer



We can concoct an example quite easily. Suppose we want the difference between x and x2 to be 0.1:

xx2=0.1


where the order xx2 is mandated by $0, so $x^2. Solving this, we get two admissible values x=1±0.62.



Thus (taking x=1+0.62) we have
x=0.88729833


x2=0.78729833

so their decimal expansions agree after the first place, and indeed after the millionth place.



Any number $0 with a terminating decimal expansion such that 14k does not terminate can be used in place of the 0.1 in xx2=0.1.


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