Tuesday, 30 June 2015

problem solving - Calculate the probability with a finite arithmetic progression



We have a finite arithmetic progression an, where n3 and its r0.
We draw three different numbers. We have to calculate the probability, that
these three numbers in the order of drawing will create another arithmetic progression.



My proposition :




Ω=n!(n3)!



A=(n3)2



But I think that my way of thinking about way of counting A is incorrect.



Any suggestions how can I count it? Thanks in advice, Kuba!


Answer



Ω=n(n1)(n2)




We're interested in triples whose elements differ by r, 2r ... up to n/3r
Notice, that if a triple ai,ak,al is OK, then so is al,ak,ai.
My idea was to "stick together" those desired elements that form each triple and calculate their quantity. To be precise: there are 2(n2) triples whose elements differ by r, 2(n4) triples whose elements differ by 2r .... and 2(n2n/3) triples whose elements differ by n/3r. Then:
P(A)=2(n2+n4...+n2n/3)n(n1)(n2)


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