Tuesday 19 April 2016

real analysis - Example for a continuous function that has directional derivative at every point but not differentiable at the origin



Can we find a function $f:\mathbb R^n\to\mathbb R$ that such that $f$ is continuous and $\partial_v f(p)$ exists for all $p\in\mathbb R^n$ and $v\in\mathbb R^n$. But $f$ is not differentiable at $0$?




Is such function $f$ exists?



Here give a example that has directional derivative everywhere, but it's not continuous at the origin.


Answer



Consider the polar coordinates $\ (r\,\ \Phi)\ $ in $\ \mathbb R^2.\ $ Function $ f:\mathbb R^2\rightarrow\mathbb R,\ $ which in polar coordinates is given by:



$$ f(r\,\ \Phi)\,\ :=\,\ r\cdot\sin(3\cdot\Phi) $$



is continuous everywhere, is infinitely differentiable outside the origin $\ O,\ $ and $\ f\ $ has all directional derivative at $\ O,\ $ but $\ f\ $ is not differentiable at $\ O.$



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