Thursday, 20 April 2017

elementary set theory - Altering an Infinite Set does not change cardinality



Let X be an infinite set. Show that adding or subtracting a single point does not change its cardinality.




I have a plan but need help writing the actual proof.
I need to show that it doesn't matter which point is removed, and then I can use the fact that X is in one-to-one correspondence with a proper subset to prove this.


Answer



Let X be the infinite set, YX the set for which there's a bijection YX (which means |Y|=|X|), and x some element in X.
Since there's at least one element "missing" in Y:
|X|=|Y||X{x}|
Using the same reasoning:
|X{x}||X|
Conclusion:
|X{x}|=|X|



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