Monday, 17 April 2017

linear algebra - Base of subspaces and intersections



Let V be a vectorial space with base [v1,v2,v3,v4]. Let UV be the subspace generated by u1=v1v2+v4, u2=v3+v4,u3=v1v2v3 and WV the subspace generted by w1=v12v3,w2=v2+v4,w3=v1+2v3v4,w4=2v1+v2.



a) Find a base of the subspaces U,W.



b) Find a base of UW, U+W.



c) Find a base of a subspace L such that UL=V.



d) Let f:VV the linear application defined by f(v1)=v1,f(v2)=v2,f(v3)=0,f(v4)=0. Find a base of f(U),f(W).





a)
I have:
u1=v1v2+v4, u2=v3+v4,u3=v1v2v3
so
U=<(1,1,0,1),(0,0,1,1),(1,1,1,0)>.
The three vectors are not linearly indipendent, the second is combination of the other two so
U=<(1,1,0,1),(0,0,1,1)>.


For W I have
W=<(1,0,2,0),(0,1,0,1),(1,0,2,1),(2,1,0,0)>

They are not indipendent, one is combination of the others thus
W=<(1,0,2,0),(0,1,0,1),(1,0,2,1)>



b) Now a base of UW.
vU then



v=x(1,1,0,1)+y(0,0,1,1)=(x,x,y,x+y)
and vW then
v=a(1,0,2,0)+b(0,1,0,1)+c(1,0,2,1)=(a+c,b,2a+2c,bc)
the system yields the solution

x=a,b=a,y=2a,c=0
Thus
v=(x,x,y,x+y)=(a+c,b,2a+2c,bc)=(a,a,2a,a)



So a base of UW is:



UW=<(1,1,2,1)>



Now I have:
dimU+dimW=dimUW+dimU+W

so



dimU+W=4
so a base of U+W is any base of R4 like
U+W=<(1,0,0,0),(0,1,0,0),(0,0,1,0),(0,0,0,1)>



c)
The vectors that generate L must be indipendent with the vectors of U but together they must be a base of V.
So u1=v1v2+v4, u2=v3+v4
I can pick u3=v4, u4=v1

in this way the vectors are linearly indipendent and they span V because v1=u4, v2=u1+u4+u3, v3=u2u3 and v4=u3



So L=<(0,0,0,1),(1,0,0,0)>



d)$ U = So f(U) = < f(u_1),f(u_2)> = = <(1,-1,0,0)>$



$ W = So f(W) = < f(w_1),f(w_2),f(w_3)> = = <(1,0,0,0),(0,1,0,0)>$



I would like to know if everything is right.

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