Let V be a vectorial space with base [v1,v2,v3,v4]. Let U⊂V be the subspace generated by u1=v1−v2+v4, u2=v3+v4,u3=v1−v2−v3 and W⊂V the subspace generted by w1=v1−2v3,w2=v2+v4,w3=v1+2v3−v4,w4=2v1+v2.
a) Find a base of the subspaces U,W.
b) Find a base of U∩W, U+W.
c) Find a base of a subspace L such that U⊕L=V.
d) Let f:V→V the linear application defined by f(v1)=v1,f(v2)=v2,f(v3)=0,f(v4)=0. Find a base of f(U),f(W).
a)
I have:
u1=v1−v2+v4, u2=v3+v4,u3=v1−v2−v3
so
U=<(1,−1,0,1),(0,0,1,1),(1,−1,−1,0)>.
The three vectors are not linearly indipendent, the second is combination of the other two so
U=<(1,−1,0,1),(0,0,1,1)>.
For W I have
W=<(1,0,−2,0),(0,1,0,1),(1,0,2,−1),(2,1,0,0)>
They are not indipendent, one is combination of the others thus
W=<(1,0,−2,0),(0,1,0,1),(1,0,2,−1)>
b) Now a base of U∩W.
v∈U then
v=x(1,−1,0,1)+y(0,0,1,1)=(x,−x,y,x+y)
and v∈W then
v=a(1,0,−2,0)+b(0,1,0,1)+c(1,0,2,−1)=(a+c,b,−2a+2c,b−c)
the system yields the solution
x=a,b=−a,y=−2a,c=0
Thus
v=(x,−x,y,x+y)=(a+c,b,−2a+2c,b−c)=(a,−a,−2a,−a)
So a base of U∩W is:
U∩W=<(1,−1,−2,−1)>
Now I have:
dimU+dimW=dimU∩W+dimU+W
so
dimU+W=4
so a base of U+W is any base of R4 like
U+W=<(1,0,0,0),(0,1,0,0),(0,0,1,0),(0,0,0,1)>
c)
The vectors that generate L must be indipendent with the vectors of U but together they must be a base of V.
So u1=v1−v2+v4, u2=v3+v4
I can pick u3=v4, u4=v1
in this way the vectors are linearly indipendent and they span V because v1=u4, v2=−u1+u4+u3, v3=u2−u3 and v4=u3
So L=<(0,0,0,1),(1,0,0,0)>
d)$ U =
$ W =
I would like to know if everything is right.
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