I am trying to answer the following question but I'm having some trouble:
If f and g are monic polynomials in Z[x], does their (monic) greatest common
divisor in Q[x] necessarily have coefficients in Z?
I've tried using Gauss's lemma to get an answer but haven't really gotten anywhere. Any help would be appreciated, Thanks!
Answer
First, we show that a monic factor of a monic polynomial is always in Z
Suppose, f(x)=g(x)⋅h(x)
Choose k,l∈Z, such that g′(x):=k⋅g(x) and h′(x):=l⋅h(x) are primitive. Then, we have kl⋅f(x)=g′(x)⋅h′(x)
Because of Gauss's Lemma, kl⋅f(x) is primitive. But kl is a common factor of the coefficients of kl⋅f(x). Hence, kl must be a unit and therefore g(x) and h(x) must be in Z[X]
This implies that a monic greatest common divisor of monic polynomials in Z[X] must be in Z[X].
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