Thursday, 23 January 2014

trigonometry - How do you find the sine and cosine from the tangent?



I'm given the problem:




If $\cot(\theta) = 1.5$ and $\theta$ is in quadrant 3, what is the value of $\sin(\theta)$?





I looked at all the related answers I could find on here, but I haven't been able to piece together the answer I need from them.



I know that $\sin^2\theta + \cos^2\theta = 1$, $ \cot^2\theta + 1 = \csc^2\theta $, and $\csc^2\theta = \frac{1}{\sin^2\theta}$



Substituting 3.25 for $\cot^2\theta + 1$ and $\frac{1}{\sin^2\theta}$ for $\csc^2\theta$ I get:



$3.25 = \frac{1}{\sin^2\theta}$



then




$\sin\theta = -\sqrt{\frac{1}{3.25}}$



This doesn't seem correct though. Can anyone help please?



edit: Sorry, meant to make that answer negative.


Answer



If $\cot\theta=1.5$, then $\tan\theta=\frac23$. This means that if $\theta$ were in the first quadrant, it would be one of the angles of a right triangle whose legs measure $2$ and $3$ and whose hypotenuse measures $\sqrt{2^2+3^2}=\sqrt{13}$. Specifically, it would be the angle opposite the side of length $2$. Sketch the triangle, and you’ll see that in that case we’d have $$\sin\theta=\frac2{\sqrt{13}}\;.$$



But $\theta$ is in the third quadrant, not the first; what effect does this have on its sine?


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