Sunday, 12 February 2017

calculus - Analyzing Euler's Identity





From Wikipedia: "Euler's identity is a special case of Euler's formula
from complex analysis, which states that for any real number x,



eix=cos(x)+isin(x)



where the inputs of the trigonometric functions sine and cosine are
given in radians."




If eiπ=1, then π is calculated in radians.




There appears to be an infinite number of solutions that yield -1 because x is calculated in radians, such that any value of x that is a positive or negative odd multiple of π will yield -1



Examples:




  • eiπ=1

  • ei(π)=1

  • ei3π=1

  • ei(3π)=1


  • ei5π=1

  • ei(5π)=1



Question:
Being that cos(x)+isin(x) is identical to eix



And cos(π) + isin(π) in degrees does not equal -1



Then is there a way to calculate an answer to eiπ without using degrees or radians? As you would with a simple problem like 32=9



Answer



ex=1+x+x22+x36
Based on the Taylor expansion rules
eix=1+ix+(ix)22+(ix)36...
You plug in ix for x and simplify all you notice
=1+ixx22ix36+x424
which you can simplify into two [fairly recognizable] sums!
=(1x22+x424)+i(xx36+x5120...)
By recogizable I mean sin and cos taylor expansions.
eix=cos(x)+isin(x)

Plug in π and you get ei(π)=1+i0=1



All you really have to know are Taylor Sums!


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