I'm trying to understand the plots on this page. It's a book about the Discrete Fourier Transform and it's discussing how a a function x(t)=cos(w0t) or y(t)=sin(w0t) is composed of a positive and a negative frequency component. I get why the spectrum of cos(wt) has two real components and none imaginary. But i don't get why sin(wt) have two imaginary components, as in b) of the following image.
This is the link for the image, from the web mentioned page, that i don't understand
I think i get how x(t)=cos(wt) is the sum of two complex sinusoids of frequencies of opposite signs that results in an zero imaginary part:
x(t)=cos(wt)=ejwt+e−jwt2
x(t)=cos(wt)+jsin(wt)+cos(−wt)+jsin(−wt)2
Since
cos(−x)=cos(x)
sin(−x)=−sin(x)
follows
x(t)=cos(wt)+jsin(wt)+cos(wt)−jsin(wt)2
so
Re{ x(t) }=cos(wt)+cos(wt)2=cos(wt)
and
Im{ x(t) }=sin(wt)−sin(wt)2=0
That explains why cos(wt) have two real parts on the graph, of same amplitude and "opposite" frequencies.
I will try to to the same with sin(wt):
y(t)=sin(wt)=ejwt−e−jwt2j
Using cos(−x)=cos(x)
y(t)=cos(wt)+jsin(wt)−(cos(wt)+jsin(−wt))2j
y(t)=cos(wt)+jsin(wt)−cos(wt)−jsin(−wt)2j
Re{ y(t) }=cos(wt)−cos(wt)2j=0
Im{ y(t) }=sin(wt)−sin(−wt)2j
I'm not sure how to follow from there. How come an imaginary part contains j? Or maybe j should not be included? But in the case of
Im{ y(t) }=sin(wt)−sin(−wt)2
Where that j−1 went? This looks wrong to me because
j⋅Im{ y(t) }≠sin(wt)−sin(−wt)2j
What did I do wrong here? This looks so silly, I'm sorry.
Answer
I think that the answer is less complex than you are making it.
Once you have:
cos(ωt)=ejωt+ej(−ω)t2
that shows that there is a '12' magnitude at 'ω' and a '12' magnitude at '−ω', both in the positive real direction.
Taking the same logic:
sin(ωt)=ejωt−ej(−ω)t2j
Multiply both numerator and denominator of the fraction by j2:
sin(ωt)=j12ejωt−j12ej(−ω)t12×2j2
Where j2=−1. This eliminates the denominator and multiplies the numerator by −1:
sin(ωt)=−j12ejωt+j12ej(−ω)t
This shows that there is a '−12j' point at 'ω' and a '(+)12j' point at '−ω'. In this case, both are in the imaginary plane. The one at positive ω has a negative sense, and the one at negative ω has a positive sense.
Does that help?
No comments:
Post a Comment