Tuesday, 5 March 2013

calculus - Limit with Gamma function



Let Γ(s)=0ts1etdt - classical gamma function - and γ(s,x)=x0ts1etdt - lower incomplete gamma function. Then is the following true




limα11Γ(1α)γ(1α,[Γ(1α)]1/α)=1


or false?



Intuitively, looking at the expression of γ and taking into account that limα1Γ(1α)=, I would say the limit is 0. Yet, if we can use the fact that γ(s,x) near x=0 behaves like xs/s, this would lead us to



limα11Γ(1α)γ(1α,[Γ(1α)]1/α)=limα1[Γ(1α)]1/α1α=limα1[Γ(α)sin(πα)/π]1/α1α=limα1[sin(πα)/π]1/α1α.


Then, using the fact that when x is close to π, sin(x)πx, I would go on with
=limα1[(ππα)/π]1/α1α=limα1(1α)1/α1α=limα1exp{(1α1)log(1α)}

which eventually equals 1, since the exponent in the last line converges to 0. Am I loosing something/making some mistake?


Answer



Hint:



1x[Γ(x)]1/(1x)=xx/(1x)[xΓ(x)]1/(1x)=xx/(1x)[Γ(x+1)]1/(1x)01[Γ(1)]1=1



Since




limx0xx/(1x)=1


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