Wednesday, 6 March 2013

complex numbers - What does $ lvert z-a rvert = mathit Re(z)+a $ look like?




What does a loci with the equation look like?



$ \lvert z-a \rvert = \mathit Re(z)+a $



This is for the applying complex numbers topic of an advanced HSC maths course. I was asked to describe the loci.



I know that $ \lvert z-a \rvert $ would get me either a perpendicular bisector or a circle. I also know that $ \mathit Re(z) $ refers to the horizontal values on the complex plane. But I just can't imagine what it looks like.


Answer



We can treat complex numbers $z = x + iy$ as equations over $(x, y) \in \mathbb R^2$, and use a geometry plotter to plot them. In this case, the equation system is:




$$
\begin{align*}
|x + iy - a| &= Re(x+iy) + a \\
|(x - a) + iy| &= x + a\\
\sqrt{(x-a)^2 + y^2} &= x + a \\
(x-a)^2 + y^2 &= (x + a)^2
\end{align*}
$$



One can use a tool like Desmos for plotting curves like these. In this case, here is a playable version of the graph with $a$ as a parameter.




The image for one choice of $a$ is:
tical


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