real analysis - Infinite Sum Calculation: $sum_{k=0}^{infty} frac{1}{(2k+1)^2} = frac{3}{4} sum_{n=1}^{infty} frac{1}{n^2}$

Problem

Show the following equivalence: $$\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(2k+1)^2} = \frac{3}{4} \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^2}$$

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Good afternoon, dear StackExchange community. I'm studying real analysis (the topic right now is exchanging limits) and I can't wrap my head around this problem. It might be a duplicate, but I couldn't find a thread that helped me to solve this problem.

Also, I know that both terms equals $\frac{\pi^2}{8}$ (courtesy of Wolframalpha), but I think I should show the original problems via exchanging limits of double series or with analyising the summands, because we didn't introduce the identity $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^2} = \frac{\pi}{6}$ yet.

My Attempts

If we consider the first summands of both sums, we have:

\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
k & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 \\ \hline
\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2} & 1 & \frac{1}{9} & \frac{1}{25} & \frac{1}{49} & \frac{1}{81} & \frac{1}{121} & \frac{1}{169} \\ \hline
n & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 \\ \hline

\frac{1}{n^2} & / & 1 & \frac{1}{4} & \frac{1}{9} & \frac{1}{16} & \frac{1}{25} & \frac{1}{36} \\ \hline
\end{array}

We immediately see that in $\frac{1}{n^2}$ is every summand of $\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2}$ is included. Additionally, we see that the extra summands in $\frac{1}{n^2}$ have the form $\frac{1}{(2x)^2}$.

Therefore, we could write,

$$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^2} = 1 + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(2k)^2} + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2}$$

and the original equation would be

$$\Rightarrow 1 + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(2k+1)^2} = \frac{3}{4} \left( 1 + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(2k)^2} + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2}\right)$$.

But I don't know how this could help me.

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Anyways, series and infinite sums give me headaches and I would appreciate any help or hints. Thank you in advance.

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Wow! Thank you for the really quick replies!

Answer

Whoa, back up a bit!

$$\begin{align}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^2} &= 1 + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(2k)^2} + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2}\\&= \frac1{2(0)+1} + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(2k)^2} + \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2}\\&=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(2k)^2} + \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2}\end{align}$$

Notice that $\frac1{(2k)^2}=\frac1{4k}$ so that

$$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^2} = \frac14\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{k^2} + \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2}$$

Subtract $\frac14\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{k^2}$ from both sides to get

$$\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(2k+1)^2}=\frac34\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{k^2}$$