Five divisors sum (n1+n2+n3+n4+n5) of natural number n>0 is prime number. Prove that the product of these five divisors is ≤n4
in math words n1⋅n2⋅n3⋅n4⋅n5≤n4.
And that's what I did. Let's say that
$n_1
Let n5 is biggest divisor of number n ⟹n5=n
We want to find other four biggest divisors. It obvious can be n2,n3,n4,n5.
Multiplication of these divisors would be n⋅n2⋅n3⋅n4⋅n5=n5120
Now we have inequality n5120≤n4.
Since n>0 so lets divide by n4
⟹n120≤1 or n≤120
So I got that number n must be smaller than 120. But how to prove it for bigger numbers? Thanks in advance.
Answer
It's not specific to 5, it works for every m⩾. If n is a positive integer, and n_1, \dotsc, n_m are — not necessarily distinct — positive divisors of n such that
\sum_{k = 1}^m n_k \quad\text{ is prime,} \tag{1}
then
\prod_{k = 1}^m n_k \leqslant n^{m-1}. \tag{2}
Writing n_k = n/d_k, i.e. setting d_k = n/n_k, for 1 \leqslant k \leqslant m, the inequality (2) is equivalent to
\prod_{k = 1}^m d_k \geqslant n\,. \tag{3}
Now, the assumption (1) implies \gcd(n_1, \dotsc, n_m) = 1. And
\gcd(n_1,\dotsc, n_m) = \gcd\biggl(\frac{n}{d_1},\dotsc, \frac{n}{d_m}\biggr) = \frac{n}{\operatorname{lcm}(d_1,\dotsc, d_m)}\,,
so we have
n = \operatorname{lcm}(d_1, \dotsc, d_m) \leqslant \prod_{k = 1}^m d_k\,,
which is (3).
No comments:
Post a Comment