Sunday, 11 May 2014

proof verification - If A is an ordered set has the Least upper bound property iff it has the greatest lower bound property.



Mentioned as an easy exercise in 'Topology', James R. Munkres, 2e, Pearson[page No:25]




If A is an ordered set has the Least upper bound property iff it has the greatest
lower bound property.





An ordered set A is said to have the least upper bound property if every nonempty subset A0 of A that is bounded above has least upper bound. A satisfies this property. Suppose B0 is an arbitrary set having lower bound. We need to prove it has the greatest lower bound. Suppose LA is the set of all lower bounds of the set B0. b0B0,xL,xb0.


So, L is bounded above. Hence, It has least upper bound. Let b be the least upper bound of L. xL,xb.
If bB0,bb, which contradict the fact that b is the least upper bound of L. Hence,by,yB0.
So, b is the lower bound. No element of yL satisfy by. Hence b is the greatest lower bound. If this proof is correct, I can use the similar argument for the converse. I request you to verify my proof.


Answer



The idea is correct, but could be written down more clearly:



Let A be an ordered set that satisfies the lub property.
Then A satisfies the glb property:



Let B be a non-empty subset of A that is bounded below, define




L(B)={xA:bB:xb}

which is the set of lower bounds for B, which is by assumption non-empty.



Then for any fixed b0B (B is non-empty), and any lL(B) we have lb0. But this says that L(B) is bounded above. So the lub property says that l0=lub(L(B)) exists. Claim: l0=glb(B).



For this we need to show two things: l0 is a lower bound for B and there is no greater lower bound for B.



So let bB. Then, as before, b as before is an upper bound for L(B) by the definition of L(B), and as l0 is the least upper bound for L(B) we have l0b. As b was arbitary, l0 is a lower bound for B.



Now suppose m is any lower bound for B. Then again by definition, mL(B).

As l0 is the least upper bound for L(B), it is an upperbound for L(B) so ml0. So all lower bounds for B are below l0.



Together this says that l0=glb(B) and so A satisfies the glb-property.



The reverse is indeed similar: lub(B)=glb(U(B)), where U(B) is the set of upperbounds for B.


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