Tuesday, 29 December 2015

integration - How to show that this integral equals fracpi2?



While solving a physical problem from Landau, Lifshitz "Mechanics" book, I came across an integral:



δ0du(coshδcoshu)21.



In the book only the final answer for the problem is given, from which I deduce that this integral must be π2.




I've tried feeding it to Wolfram Mathematica, but it wasn't able to evaluate it, returning unevaluated result. Evaluating it numerically confirms that this is a likely answer, but I haven't been able to prove this.



I've tried making a substitution v=coshδcoshu and got this integral instead:



γγ1dvv(γ2v2)(v21),



where γ=coshδ, but still this doesn't give me a clue how to proceed. Also, I can't seem to eliminate the parameter (δ or γ), which shouldn't affect the result at all.



So, the question is: how can one evaluate this integral or at least prove that it's equal π2?



Answer



It's actually a lot simpler than this. Rewrite the integral as



δ0ducoshucosh2δcosh2u=δ0ducoshusinh2δsinh2u



Sub y=sinhu and the integral becomes



sinhδ0dysinh2δy2



Now sub y=sinhδsint and the integral is




π/20dt=π2


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