If ak∈C, then define
∞∑k=−∞ak=L⇕∀ϵ>0,∃N,m,n>N⟹|n∑k=−mak−L|<ϵ
Question: Is it true that
∞∑k=−∞ak=L⇕∞∑k=0ak and ∞∑k=1a−k both exist and ∞∑k=0ak+∞∑k=1a−k=L
Thoughts:[⇓] Couldn't come up with something useful. Tried to show that both series are Cauchy. Failed.
[⇑] Let
α:=∞∑k=0akβ:=∞∑k=1a−k
Given ϵ>0, there exist N1,N2 such that
|n∑k=0ak−α|<ϵ2|m∑k=1a−k−β|<ϵ2
whenever n>N1 and m>N2. Hence if N:=max{N1,N2} then
|n∑k=−mak−L|=|n∑k=0ak−α+m∑k=1a−k−β|≤|n∑k=0ak−α|+|m∑k=1a−k−β|<ϵ2+ϵ2=ϵ
whenever m,n>N.
Answer
I assume you meant (adding quantors for m,n):
∀ϵ>0,∃N,∀m>N,∀n>N⟹|n∑k=−mak−L|<ϵ.
The [⇑] case is OK. For [⇓], let N(ϵ) denote a suitable N for ϵ in the above condition. If n2>n1>N(ϵ2), then |n2∑n=n1+1an|=|n2∑n=−n1an−n1∑n=−n1an|=|(n2∑n=−n1an−L)−(n1∑n=−n1an−L)|≤ϵ2+ϵ2=ϵ.
This means ∑∞n=0an is a Cauchy series. The proof for the negative part being Cauchy is done just the same.
Proving that L is now the sum of the limits of the positive and negative parts works just as in the [⇑] part.
Adding remarks due to comment from OP below:
That argument seems to work as well, but I was literally looking at your prove for [⇑]. You start there by defining α and β. In that [⇑] proof that they exist is the assumption, in the [⇓] proof this was proven by them being Cauchy series'. Then you choose ϵ and based on that N1,N2. Then you use L for the one and only time, but it is simply used as L=α+β. So you proved that the L defined that way fits your definition for "sum of series from −∞ to ∞". Since that value is 'obviously' unique if it exists at all, you have now proven (in the [⇓] proof) that the value L (which we assumed existed) must be equal to α+β, which what was left to show.
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