Prove that if f:(a,b)→ℜ is differentiable on the open interval (a,b), and f′(x) is bounded on the interval (a,b), then f is uniformly continuous on (a,b). Also, prove the converse is false, that is, find a function that is uniformly continuous on (−1,1) whose derivative is unbounded on (−1,1).
So I'm a little confused with how to approach this question but this is what I'm thinking so far.
So for every ϵ>0 there is a δ>0 and there exists (x,y)∈(a,b) such that |x−y|<δ... and this is where I get stuck I know it's only the beginning but I don't know how to incorporate the differentiability of f and I have only done uniform continuity on functions such as 1/x or others like that can someone guide me in the right direction?
Answer
In general, if f(x) is continuous on [a,b] and f′(x) exists and is bounded by say M on (a,b), then f(x) is Lipschitz continuous(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipschitz_continuity), which is a stronger form of uniform continuity.
Indeed, by MVT for any x,y∈[a,b], there exists a ξ∈(a,b) such that (assume x>y)
|f(x)−f(y)|=|(x−y)||f′(ξ)|≤M|(x−y)|. Now we let ϵ>0, and choose δ<ϵM, and we have uniform continuity. In general, MVT is a very powerful tool to bound functions.
For the second part, f(x)=1x is not uniformly continuous on (0,1) because it can be proven on an open interval (a,b), f is uniformly continuous over (a,b) IF AND ONLY IF it can be extended to a continuous function g such that g is continuous on [a,b] (g will be uniformly continuous over [a,b] as [a,b] is compact).
For a an answer to the second part (A uniformly continuous function such that the derivative is not bounded and is not defined on a compact?).
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