Sunday, 3 June 2018

inequality - Prove through induction that $3^n > n^3$ for $n geq 4$



I'm new to induction and have not done induction with inequalities before, so I get stuck at proving after the 3rd step.



The question is:




Use induction to show that $3^n > n^3$ for $n \geq 4$.





I have so far:



Step 1:
Prove for $n=4$ (since question states this)
$3^4 > 4^3$



$81 > 64 $



which is true




Step 2:
Assume true for $n=k$




$3^k > k^3$




Step 3:
Prove for $n = k+1$




$3^{k+1} > (k+1)^3$





Here I expand to:




$3^k \cdot 3 > k^3 + 3k^2 + 3k + 1$




However I have no idea how to prove this.




Thanks for any help given


Answer



$3^{k+1}>3k^3$



We need $3^{k+1}>(k+1)^3 $



So, it sufficient to prove $3k^3>(k+1)^3\iff \left(1+\frac1k\right)^3<3$



For $k=3,\left(1+\frac1k\right)^3=\frac{64}{27}<3$




and $\left(1+\frac1{k+1}\right)^3<\left(1+\frac1k\right)^3$



$\implies \left(1+\frac1k\right)^3<3$ for $k\ge3$


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