Wednesday, 11 June 2014

Finding limit of the sequence



Given a sequence defined as



an=12+23+328++nn3+1




and I want to find the limit of this sequence.



I think the limit is positive infinity, but I don't know what I should do in order to prove this.



Please give me some hints on how to approach this, thanks to anybody who helps.


Answer



nn3+11n,
hence

limnan=.



Explanation, using series' methods



\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\dfrac{n}{\sqrt{n^3+1}}}{\dfrac1n}=1
and the series

\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac1{\sqrt{n}}
is divergent, hence also
\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{n}{\sqrt{n^3+1}}
id divergent, but a_n's are partial sums of this series.



More elementary explanation




It is easy to see, that
\dfrac{n}{\sqrt{n^3+1}}\geq\frac1n
for all n\geq2. Let
b_n=1+\frac12+\dots+\frac1n.
It is certainly increasing, hence it remains to show, that it is unbounded. Let us consider

b_{2^n}=1+\frac12+\left(\frac13+\frac14\right)+\left(\frac15+\dots+\frac18\right)+\dots +\left( \frac1{2^{n-1}+1}+\dots+\frac1{2^n}\right).
But the value in every parentheses is greater than \frac12, hence b^{2^n}>1+\frac{n}{2}.


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